Debts

Some debts can deal a killing blow to your investment plan especially those related to credit cards or those which have very high interest charges. It’s advisable to clear those off FIRST before you put your money elsewhere. For example, if your debt’s interest rate is like 4-5%, but your FD return is only 2%, it means you’re actually losing money than earning money. If you can pump money into both sides, then fine. Just be sure never to neglect the former for the latter. Focus on how to stop losing money, then only to how to earn more money.

Insurance

This is equally important. Life insurance and medical insurance are very very important. I can’t stress this enough. There are people who only focus on how to grow their money that they neglect these 2. And when they’re hit with some issues which don’t allow them to work, their dependents will suffer since there’s no income. Or, when they’re hit with some serious illnesses but do not have the money to pay for their medical bills. In the end, they need to take out all their personal savings in order to pay for the medical bills. Yes, growing your money is important, but thinking about your dependents and the ability to keep you healthy are even more important (especially if your company does not give you a medical card). Look into what kind of life insurance you should buy here – How much insurance do you need?

Once you’ve given thoughts (and actions) to these 2, you can start planning the second step of your investment journey. Always remember that your investment journey will be greatly jeopardized if you are not able to generate income, or something else is draining your income away. So do take note. These 2 should be the FIRST thing you should look into while planning for your investment journey.

Pay attention to the amount you can reduce for medical checkup, parents’ medical, sports equipment, books, computers, travel allowance, etc. Those are some of the things that we normally use but forget to declare when submitting our tax form. You can save quite a lot from there.

However, I do realize that sometimes people are becoming too fearful of something they don’t know. Just the other day, a friend of mine told me he’s going to venture into land investing. I asked why don’t he consider stock instead because the entry cost is lower. You don’t need so much money to go into stock investing and you definitely don’t need to get a bank loan for it. His reply was simple – “I don’t like to gamble”.

I think most people have the thinking that stock investing = gambling. Unfortunately, it’s not if you know what you’re doing and if you’re not trying to get rich quick. Based on The Free Dictionary, gambling is “the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning”. This definition is somewhat similar to the definition of speculation: “Engagement in risky business transactions on the chance of quick or considerable profit.” And I often put these 2 together due to their similarities.

But to say stock investing IS NOT gambling, is kind of an understatement. Because there are a lot of stock investors who do speculate and gamble. These are normally the short-term stock owners. They tend not to keep a particular stock for more than few months. They do short-term buying and selling, and they trade a lot. However, when asked why are they investing in a particular company, most of them will not be able to answer you. Investing with uncertain future is, in a way, speculation. And as long as it’s speculation, it can be considered as gambling.

But this does not apply to stock investing alone. It also applies to other form of investing, be it land, property or stock investing. Truth to be told, this kind of method does help you earn a lot if you’re lucky but it is also very very high risk. I’ve burnt myself in the past due to stock speculation and it wasn’t a pleasant feeling. So easy come, and easy go. Just like how you can go buy lottery and if you’re exceptionally lucky, you will win a large sum of money.

However, if given a choice, I would encourage people not to speculate in stocks and never do all those short-term trading. It is too risky. If you want to invest in stocks, be prepared to spend an awful amount of time understanding the way it works, how the companies operate, the track records of the company’s management team, the prospects, etc. There are tonnes and tonnes of stuff for you to do research on. From there, you can shortlist some of the companies that you’re interested in and wait for them to drop to a price which you think is cheaper than the fair value. Then go in for those undervalued stocks. Invest and keep. But be prepared to keep them for 3-5 years (or even longer than that!). Yes, stock investing is about holding on to a particular stock for long term. If you’re trying to sell within few months, then it’s not really investing. It’s speculating.

So there you go, the myth of stock investing. As you can see, the proper way of stock investing is very different from what most people believe it should be. It’s not gambling at all. There are some uncertainties, but you make the decision based on your research and studies, not based on some unfounded rumors. And by far, it is also the best investing for me. Low entry cost, decent profit.

Just make sure you know what you’re investing in.

Definition of balance transfer (source: CreditWeb):

A balance transfer is an option offered by many credit card issuers which enables the card holder to use their available credit from one card to pay off the balances due on one or more other cards. Usually the interest rate on the amount borrowed is lower than the rate of the cards that are being paid off by the balance transfer.

I actually rejected the offer since I don’t have any balance left in my credit card statement and I only have 1 credit card with that bank. So it kinda defeat the purpose of using a balance transfer. Also, it does not make much sense to use it if you know how to control your spending and spend within your limit. No late payment, no interest charges. You can choose to consider balance transfer if the other credit card offers zero annual fee… but in times like this, that’s pretty unlikely since you will most probably cancel off your unused credit cards…. and forced to pay the annual fees for the remaining 1 or 2. I’m sure in 2010, the banks will do their best to attract more credit card applicants and waiving the annual fees can be one of the best attractions

Anyway, I must be honest with you all that when it comes to balance transfer, I’m pretty bad with it since I’ve never used it. So far, I’ve been quite disciplined and managed to pay off my balance every month (not much anyway) so I rarely get hit by the interest rate… thus no point for balance transfer.

Yes, balance transfer has its advantages and disadvantages. But if you know how to control your spending and how to pay off the balance on time EVERY MONTH, then I really don’t see a need to use it. So in the end, it drills down to one thing – controlling your spending.

But irregardless of how easy and simple trading it can be, the sole question remains – should you switch (or trade) your mutual fund often? For me, it’s not recommended. But this is just my personal opinion. Don’t come after me if things end up differently for your case.

Anyway, here are the reasons why I do not switch my fund often.

• I’m lazy. Yes, I admit it. The amount of research needs to be done is hugeeee. It’s even worse than stock trading. Because for any single fund, you are practically looking at few stocks or an entire industry in general. In stock trading, you only need to look at few companies that you know about.
• The service charge is high especially if you are changing from equity fund to bond fund. But even for standard fund trading, the service charge is high. Do bear in mind that the amount you are trading is pretty huge too.
• Mutual fund investing is more like a savings account for me. And well, I don’t go changing my savings account from one bank to another. So it’s the same concept. I pump in money every month, and just leave it there. Once I need it, I will get it out.
• Mutual fund investing runs on the concept of dollar cost averaging. It means you buy the same unit at a lower price in order to average out the units you’ve bought at a higher price before this. So if you are going to switch it around….doesn’t that defeat the purpose? It’s just like buying the stocks of a single company at different pricing VS buying different stocks at different pricing. That’s not dollar cost averaging in my opinion.
• Last but not least, if I really want to switch fund often, I should just spend my time, efforts and money into stock investing since it’s a lot easier to monitor. The rewards are bigger too (so are the risks).

So yeah, those are the 5 reasons why I don’t like to switch fund often. Most people I know have the same reasons of not switching their funds often. And there are also those who don’t like to trade at all, be it stocks or funds. To them, it requires too much time. But either way, there are more people who do not like to switch their mutual funds often, as compared to those who always switch around. Yes, there’s no doubt that you might be able to earn more by switching around – it’s the same with short term selling in stocks. But the risk is also there.

At the end of the day, it depends on your objectives to invest in mutual fund. Are you looking to earn some quick cash and are willing to face some risks? Or are you just treating it as some sort of a savings account? The answers to these few questions will determine whether you should switch your mutual fund often.

Hope it helps.

And for some people, such prices have gone overboard and they could no longer afford these properties especially those in the Klang valley and also few popular spots in Penang.

Then the question of “when should I really get a property?” comes out. Is it better to get it now since the property price is just going to go up anyway? Or should I look at what can I afford irregardless of the demand-supply in the property market?

It’s a tough question to answer because ….well, I do believe our property market will not slow down. More and more people form other states are coming into the Klang Valley and some towards Penang. So the demand will still be there especially at the popular spots like Petaling Jaya, USJ and Shah Alam areas. Waiting it out could mean that the gap between what you can afford and what it takes to afford a property, might end up getting wider and wider.

But don’t panic. In my humble opinion, you need to consider a few things before you dive into the property market.

• Do you have emergency fund? – you need to have at least 6 months to 2 years of emergency fund, depending on your monthly expenses. Yes, this should be the priority before you get a property. If you don’t have this, then save up for this before thinking about property.
• Is your job or career path stable? Can your skills and attitude help you to get a job where many have failed? - this is to ensure that when shit happens and you get retrenched, you will not remain jobless for too long. Because if you’re jobless, you still need to pay the bank for the property loan and that is going to make your life very very stressful.
• Do you have other investment? – stocks, mutual funds, fixed deposit accounts, EPF, these things can help you to move some of the money into property investing.
• How desperate are you in looking for a property? – are you getting married, or the current landlord is chasing you out? This will determine how desperate you are and also determine if you can actually wait a little longer before getting a property. Remember that desperation is not good when you cannot even afford it in the first place.
• and why are you looking to get a property in the first place? – is it for investment and you plan to sell it out after few years, or is it for your own stay? This question will determine the location and the type of property you should invest in…and of course, these 2 conditions will determine how much you actually need and if you can afford.

Once you have the answers for the questions above, you should know whether you can afford to buy a property now, or is it still better to rent a room for now and wait it out?

In the end, I believe that investing in a property is a good thing to do but you really need to know why do you want to get a property…and also if you can afford one with your current financial condition. Never ever dive head-first into property market if you are unsure of what you are doing. It can be disastrous, just like what happened to many newbie property investors in 2007-2009. They bought properties they could not afford, and were forced to sell them off cheaply.

Property market can be rewarding, but it can also be pretty damaging. So thread carefully. Do your research, do some soul-searching and think carefully before you invest.

All the best.

Why? Well, it’s because it’s more rewarding than our Fixed Deposit and less risky than investing in stocks. For some, it is because they don’t really need to manage their portfolio. They normally just leave it to the fund managers to handle their money for them. The losses will be minimal, and same goes to the rewards.

But lately, things have changed a little on the mutual fund front. There are more and more funds to choose from now. Investors need to read up about the background, the industry, market segment, etc before deciding which to invest in (and choosing a proper mutual fund can be quite a daunting task now). Also, investors can start to trade their mutual fund units ONLINE.

As you can see, the mutual fund we have now is no longer the same as the one we used to know. Instead, it has become something similar to the stock investing that we all know (and some of us fear) - online trading, a lot of options and plenty of research works to be done.

So other than the high service charges, the minimal losses and profits…. there’s really not much difference from stock investing. If that is the case, why are people still interested in mutual fund investing and the same group of people remain fearful of stock investing? Aren’t these 2 becoming incredibly similar? Mmm perhaps most people still don’t know anything about these 2 and the mutual fund…being cheaper, definitely looks to be ‘safer’.

Not really. For your information, my losses in mutual fund in the year 2008 was about 60% while my stock losses was lesser than that. And to make things worse, I can’t simply change/sell the funds because it’ll incur further losses for me – service charges. I can only stop putting money in, cost averaging, or switch to bond (and incur service charges). Who says mutual fund is safer?

That is why I always suggest people to look into stock investing. There’s really not much difference between the 2 and for me, the pros of stock investing far outweighs the pros of mutual fund. Treat mutual fund as a form of saving, and stock investing as…well…a form of investment.

But either way, you should know what you are putting your money in BEFORE you actually do so. Putting money into something you have no idea off is equivalent of gambling….and not investing. So thread carefully.

Well, to be honest with you, saving is not really that difficult. Even if you can only save 5% of your monthly salary, it is still good enough. The ideal case is of course to have 10% or more, but any saving is better than no saving.

So to get you started, here are some simple ways you can do to come out with that 10%.

• Cut down on your WANTs. This is important. The things that you want can be very expensive – fashion goods, gadgets, cars, etc. These things can take away a large sum of your money. Try to cut them down as much as possible. It’s okay to have 1 or 2 WANTs…. but a warning to you, don’t ever fall into the trap of having too many WANTs.
• If you always have no money left due to debts, then clear or reduce them as much as possible. Credit card debts should be the first to clear. Also, try to refinance your loans and see if you can get a better deal. Once your debts are cleared, you should have sufficient amount of money to save up – provided you don’t go get another debt!
• Start to cook at home. Eating out is expensive – the food, the parking and the fuel. Furthermore, it’s healthier too.
• Minimize expensive activities such as movies, clubbing, meals in posh restaurants, etc. For example, if you are a regular Starbucks customer, cutting down 1 cup of coffee per week can save you around RM 50 per month. That is already 1% of RM 5000 (average salary for Malaysians).
• Get some side income such as earning money online, get some part time jobs, freelance, etc. You need to sacrifice some time to earn, but I feel it’s worth it in the long run. But only do this if you are sure you won’t neglect your day job.
• Remove your credit cards. They can be helpful if you know how to use them but if you are the type of people who can get tempted easily, then stop bringing them out. Credit card debts are the type of debts which bring a lot of people down.
• Travel by public transport or car pool. You can really save a lot there, even though you need more time to commute.

Some may argue that the amount of money saved using the above methods will not be much….well, I think it really depends on your lifestyle. Also, I can’t stress enough that any saving, even 1% of your monthly salary, is better than no saving.

Just always remember to control your own WANTs. Know your limits, and your financial condition. Don’t wear a hat that is bigger than your head.

I think one of the main reasons is fear (or uncertainty). After witnessing so many economy crashes (notably the one in 1997-98, early 2000 and the recent 2008 crash), most people are feeling fearful. Well, to be honest, it’s not easy to see thousands of your (or your friends’) hard-earned money burning and feel nothing about it.

But sad to tell these guys….investment is a must whether you like it or not. Saving up is good but if you don’t invest, your savings might end up as waste paper few years down the road due to our inflation rate. So unless you really want to see your money ends up that way…you should really consider investing your money.

So what are the investment types that you can consider?

Fixed deposit - this is the simplest and the one with the lowest risk. But it is also the one with the lowest return. If you keep your money here and here only, fear not, your money will still be waste paper after 10 years or so. My advice is, only keep your emergency fund here.

Mutual fund - this is the most common and popular option for many people especially those that do not dare to venture into stock market. It is relatively safe but with minimal return. But then again, do bear in mind that you are paying the fund managers a substantial amount of money per transaction. That alone will minimize your return. True, it’s safer than stock market but don’t expect too much out of this. My advice is, treat this as your saving account and pump in money every month. Invest in a mixture of equity and bond fund.

Stock market - this is the so-called high risk investment type. I’ve been investing in this for few years now…. a lot of ups and downs really. But one important lesson I’ve learned during the March-8 crash ….. never ever speculate because speculating = gambling and in stock market, gambling is suicidal. My advice to you is to read up more about stock investing and invest only in blue chips. Defensive stocks like Telekom Malaysia is a good option since they give pretty good dividends. And be ready to put there for few years. Remember that short term selling in stock market is equivalent to speculation/gambling.

There are other options such as gold investing, money market fund, etc but I’m not very well-versed in those. That is why I never talk about them. So that’s another lesson for you – don’t invest in things you don’t know.

At the end of the day, I believe stock investing is the best option if you know what you are doing and if you can control your emotions well (the ups and downs of a stock market are not for the faint-hearted). But no matter which option you choose, it is still better than no investment at all. So start taking your first step – invest 10% of your monthly income is always a good start.

All the best.

p/s…. property investing is out of scope because it requires a substantial amount of money as compared with the options above.

My answer is rather simple.

• Currency trading is trading and not investing. Just like day trading for stocks, you are trying to gain as much profit as possible within a short period of time.
  

  Source: http://forexarbitrage.eu

• You need to be lucky since luck plays an important role in any speculation. It’s not gambling, since you do observe the history of the currency and play by the rule “whatever that went down will go back up”.
• I never like to speculate too much since I’ve burnt myself pretty badly with stock’s day trading in the past.
• You need to pay extra attention to the global economy since the currency you are holding might be affected.
• I’m bad with timing the market which is quite essential for currency trading. You merely time the buy and sell time.
• The total return is not much unless you are willing to pump in A LOT of money, which I don’t have.
• Unless you are talking about engaging a real agent or actually playing with the index (I remember someone told me about this before but I’m not very sure), you will have to hold those foreign $$$ yourselves. And considering the fact that the amount can be rather big, you will need to keep them in the safe deposit box in banks. Those require you to pay a certain amount of money to maintain.
• Also, if you’re not using an agent or getting someone licensed to help you with the trading, you might not be able to react quick enough. For example, my friends mostly exchange the foreign currencies with money changer by themselves. The advantage is that they can trade anytime and in many places, but the disadvantage is that it is not very convenient especially if they keep those currencies in banks.
• Due to the current economy, the currency rate might not change much for another 6 – 12 months. It might further actually. And for trading, holding on to the currencies for too long kinda defeat the purpose. Remember that this is not investing.

But the most important reason why I am not into currency trading has to be the luck factor. I hate relying > 80% on luck factor because I can be quite unlucky at times. I rather spend my time doing analysis on the stocks of certain companies. That way, I will know whether I can invest in those stocks. I doubt there’s anything I can study for currency trading, except for the history of the currencies.

True, I still need to rely on luck factor when it comes to stock investing. But it’s not as critical and significant.

Still, it doesn’t take away the fact that there are people out there who are making big bucks with currency trading. Just that it’s not my cup of tea.

My advice to you is to understand it well before dumping your money in. Don’t do it just because Tom, Dick and Harry are doing it. Do it because it’s suitable for you. Oh, and stop buying those currencies by yourselves. It’s too troublesome and dangerous. Get some qualified agents to do that for you.

Here’s a useful link I found – Currency trading versus investing.

Hope it helps.